- Media Convergence.
- The unification of all earlier media forms (print, audio, video,
animation, telephone) in a single medium.
- Internet.
- The worldwide communication technology and infrastructure that
links computer networks using TCP/IP protocol, enabling direct data
exchange between any two connected computers.
- ISP (Internet Service Provider).
- A company that provides Internet access, often by paid subscriptions,
to businesses, organizations, and individuals.
- Internet Protocol (IP).
- The rules enabling data to be sent from one computer to another
on the Internet. The protocol specifies that each computer have at
least one uniquely identifier, its IP address.
- IP Address.
- The unique four-part number separated by periods (such as 216.239.39.120)
used for identifying each computer connected to the Internet.
- WWW (World Wide Web).
- The network of computer networks enabling connected users to access
billions of pages of information.
- Platform.
- A distinct class of computers, distinguished as using a specific
type of processor and operating system.
- Interoperability.
- The characteristic of the Internet that enables cross-platform
computer operations.
- Online Service.
- A proprietary network offering customized, fee-based access, client
software, and services.
- Portal.
- An Internet gateway providing organized content, often with free
services to attract commercial activity and advertisers.
- ARPANet.
- The network created in 1969 by the Advanced Research Projects Agency
(ARPA). ARPANet was the first network to use the technology that is
the basis of the Internet.
- Client.
- A program running on a computer, such as a Web browser, that requests
information from another computer.
- Server.
- Any computer providing a service to other computers on a network.
A program on a networked computer that provides data to client computers.
- Hyperlink.
- Portion of a hypertext markup language document that directs a
client program to retrieve another document. This technological advance
enabled the World Wide Web.
- Hypertext.
- Text strings in documents that are often underlined, highlighted,
or otherwise emphasized to indicate their hyperlink property.
- URL (Uniform Resource Locator).
- The unique address that specifies precisely the location of a Web
page.
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol).
- The set of rules enabling downloading and uploading of ASCII and
text files via the Internet.
- ASCII.
- Acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange,
the predominant computer character set encoding, currently using 7
bit binary code to define 128 possible characters.
- Executable File.
- A file containing instructions capable of running on a computer,
usually with an .exe extension if intended for use on a PC.
- Macro.
- Any set of instructions that automates a task. A macro can be written
or created by performing a task while recording the steps.
- Usenet.
- An Internet discussion group news service for collecting and storing
information by topic categories, called newsgroups and forums. More
than 50,000 newsgroups exist.
- Thread.
- A series of newsgroup articles with a continuing commentary on
a particular subject.
- Netiquette.
- Etiquette rules pertaining to use of Internet communications.
- Flames.
- Angry or critical Internet communications.
- Internet Chat Relay (ICR).
- Internet service that supports many channels of real-time, text-based
conversation among multiple participants.
- Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
- A standard set of communication rules used by every computer connected
to the Internet.
- Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP).
- A version of PCP/IP to connect a dial-up computer to the Internet
using a temporarily assigned IP address.
- Digital Subscriber Line (DSL).
- A protocol that enables high-speed, permanent online Internet connections
using telephone lines.
- Backbone.
- A transmission line that carries data gathered from smaller interconnected
lines, at the local level, from LAN to LAN or from a LAN to a wide
area network connection, or, on the Internet or other wide area network,
a set of paths that local or regional networks connect to for long-distance
interconnection.
- Network Access Points (NAPS).
- Several major Internet interconnection points that provide major
switching facilities and tie all the Internet access providers together.
- Domain Name System (DNS).
- The system of Internet addressing that stores and translates meaningful
and easy-to-remember text aliases (such as www.mc.maricopa.edu) into
Internet Protocol addresses.
- Internet Network Information Center (InterNIC).
- The organization originally responsible for registering and maintaining
top-level domain names on the World Wide Web. Recently, competition
was introduced and the Internet Corporation of Assigned Names and
Numbers (ICANN) conducts registrar accreditation.
- Intranet.
- A local or wide-area computer network based in TCP/IP, and not
necessarily available to external connections.
- Firewall.
- A program to prevent or limit external access to a computer from
networked connections.
Top-Level Domain Names
- .gov -- Government agency
- .edu -- Educational institution
- .org -- Nonprofit organizations
- .com -- Commercial business
- .net -- Network organizations
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